Skin darkening and dryness years after gallbladder surgery is unlikely to be due to antibiotics. Common causes include acanthosis nigricans (often linked to insulin resistance or diabetes), hormonal imbalance (like thyroid issues), nutritional deficiencies (B12), or chronic skin dryness. Treatment depends on the cause: managing blood sugar, correcting deficiencies, using moisturisers, and sometimes prescription creams can help. A dermatologist consultation will give a more accurate diagnosis and a proper treatment plan.

Small black spots on the face are usually due to clogged pores, mild acne marks, or sun-related pigmentation. Keep your face clean by washing gently twice daily and using a light, non-oily moisturiser to keep the skin balanced, and apply sunscreen regularly to prevent spots from getting darker. Avoid touching or picking at the spots, as this can worsen them, and keep your routine simple, using only a few products. Drinking enough water and eating balanced meals can also support skin health. If the spots increase, become stubborn, or change in appearance, they need attention. Consult a doctor to guide you on suitable treatment for better improvement.