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Upadacitinib

About Upadacitinib

Upadacitinib is an oral prescription medication used to treat chronic inflammatory conditions, such as moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and severe eczema. It helps manage these conditions by targeting specific pathways in the body that cause painful swelling and tissue damage. By controlling this overactive immune response, Upadacitinib helps reduce symptoms and prevent further joint or skin damage.

To get the best results, you should take Upadacitinib consistently once every day, ideally at the same time. You can take this tablet with or without food, but you must swallow it whole without crushing or chewing. Along with taking your medicine, gentle physical therapy, a balanced diet, and protecting your skin can help improve your overall treatment outcomes.

While taking Upadacitinib, some people may experience mild side effects like cold symptoms, nausea, or acne. However, because Upadacitinib affects your immune system, you must contact your healthcare provider immediately if you develop signs of a serious infection, high fever, or unexpected shortness of breath.

Do not start Upadacitinib if you have a serious active infection unless your doctor has specifically determined that treatment is appropriate. Before starting treatment, tell your doctor if you have or have previously had tuberculosis, shingles, hepatitis B or C, recurrent infections, blood clots, heart or blood vessel disease, cancer, or liver problems. Your doctor may perform tests and assess your individual risks before treatment.

Upadacitinib can interact with other drugs that suppress the immune system, certain live vaccines, and grapefruit juice, which can raise medicine levels in your body. If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, breastfeeding, or are an older adult, consult your doctor before starting treatment.

Medicinal Benefits

Upadacitinib helps reduce inflammation and control symptoms of several long-term inflammatory conditions. The benefits depend on the condition being treated, and improvement may be noticed within weeks, although the response can vary from person to person.

Benefits may include:

  • Helps reduce joint pain, swelling, and stiffness in inflammatory joint conditions.
  • May improve movement, physical function, and the ability to perform daily activities.
  • Helps reduce itching and improve skin symptoms in atopic dermatitis.
  • May help control inflammation and support remission in certain inflammatory bowel diseases.
  • Can help improve overall comfort and quality of life by controlling troublesome symptoms.
  • Supports long-term management of inflammatory conditions when used regularly with appropriate medical monitoring.

Directions for Use

  • Upadacitinib can be taken with or without food.
  • It is recommended to take the medicine as directed by your doctor, depending on your medical condition.
  • Swallow Upadacitinib as a whole with a glass of water.
  • Do not crush, chew, or break it.

Storage

Store in a cool and dry place away from sunlight

Side Effects of Upadacitinib

Common Side Effects (Usually mild)

  • Common cold symptoms, such as a runny nose, sore throat, or sinus congestion
  • Nausea, mild stomach pain, or diarrhea
  • Acne or mild skin breakouts
  • Headaches or feeling unusually tired


Serious Side Effects (Call a doctor right away)

  • Signs of a serious infection, such as a high fever, chills, persistent cough, or burning when urinating
  • Signs of shingles, including a painful skin rash with blisters on one side of your body
  • Sudden shortness of breath, sharp chest pain, or painful swelling in one leg (possible signs of blood clots)
  • Severe allergic reactions, such as swelling of your face, lips, or throat, or trouble breathing
  • Yellowing of your eyes or skin, dark urine, or severe fatigue (signs of liver damage)

Drug Warnings

  • Get screened for tuberculosis (TB): Your doctor must test you for TB before you start taking Upadacitinib and monitor you closely during treatment.
  • Avoid live vaccines: Do not receive any live vaccines (such as the shingles vaccine or nasal spray flu vaccine) while taking Upadacitinib, as it can increase your risk of getting the infection.
  • Watch for signs of blood clots: Be alert for sudden chest pain, coughing up blood, or swelling and redness in your leg, and seek emergency help immediately if these occur.
  • Monitor your lab results: Attend all scheduled appointments for blood tests, as your doctor will need to check your liver function, cholesterol levels, and blood counts
  • Report unusual skin changes: Perform regular skin self-checks and tell your doctor if you notice any new growths, unusual moles, or sores that do not heal.
  • Discuss cancer risk with your doctor: Upadacitinib may increase the risk of certain cancers, including lymphoma and some types of skin cancer. Tell your doctor if you currently have or have previously had cancer.
  • Attend recommended screening: Follow your doctor's advice about routine cancer screening and skin examinations. Report any new or changing skin growth, unusual mole, or sore that does not heal.
  • Seek urgent medical help: Get immediate medical attention if you develop sudden chest pain, breathing difficulty, weakness on one side of the body, or painful swelling in a leg.

Drug Interactions

  • Antifungal medicines (e.g., ketoconazole, itraconazole): These medicines can increase Upadacitinib levels in the body and raise the risk of side effects.
  • Antibiotics (e.g., clarithromycin): Some antibiotics may increase Upadacitinib levels and increase the risk of side effects.
  • Anti-seizure medicines (e.g., carbamazepine, phenytoin): These medicines may reduce Upadacitinib levels and make the treatment less effective.
  • Tuberculosis medicines (e.g., rifampicin): Some tuberculosis medicines may reduce Upadacitinib levels and decrease its effectiveness.
  • Other immune-suppressing medicines (e.g., ciclosporin, azathioprine): Combining Upadacitinib with other medicines that suppress the immune system may increase the risk of serious infections and other side effects.
  • Biological medicines (e.g., adalimumab, etanercept): Using Upadacitinib with other biological medicines that affect the immune system is generally not recommended because it may increase the risk of serious infections.

Drug-Drug Interactions Checker List:

  • RIFAMPICIN
  • KETOCONAZOLE
  • CYCLOSPORINE
  • WARFARIN
  • AZATHIOPRINE
  • PREDNISONE
  • Safety Advice

    • Safety Warning

      Alcohol

      consult your doctor

      It is not known if alcohol interacts with Upadacitinib, so please consult a doctor.

    • Safety Warning

      Pregnancy

      unsafe

      Upadacitinib must not be taken during pregnancy. If you are a woman of child-bearing potential, use effective contraception during the treatment with Upadacitinib.

    • Safety Warning

      Breast Feeding

      unsafe

      Avoid breastfeeding while taking Upadacitinib. Please consult a doctor if you have any concerns.

    • Safety Warning

      Driving

      safe if prescribed

      Upadacitinib generally does not affect your ability to drive. However, drive or operate machinery only if you are alert.

    • Safety Warning

      Liver

      caution

      Dose adjustment may be needed in patients with liver impairment. Please consult your doctor if you have a liver impairment or any concerns regarding this. Upadacitinib is not recommended for patients with severe liver problems.

    • Safety Warning

      Kidney

      caution

      Dose adjustment may be needed in patients with kidney impairment. Please consult your doctor if you have kidney impairment or any concerns regarding this.

    • Safety Warning

      Children

      unsafe

      Upadacitinib is not safe for use in children below 12 years of age. Caution should be exercised for children above 12 years. However, your paediatrician will prescribe the medicine only if needed.

    Habit Forming

    No

    Diet & Lifestyle Advise

    • Focus on anti-inflammatory foods: Incorporate foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as salmon, walnuts, and flaxseeds, alongside plenty of colorful vegetables and berries to help manage general inflammation.
    • Protect your skin barrier: If you are taking this for eczema, take short, lukewarm showers rather than hot baths, and apply a thick, fragrance-free moisturizer immediately afterward to lock in moisture.
    • Choose gentle, low-impact exercise: If you have joint inflammation, activities like swimming, walking, or cycling can keep your joints flexible and strengthen supporting muscles without causing excess strain.
    • Support your gut health: If you have an inflammatory bowel condition, keep a food journal to identify specific trigger foods, and focus on eating smaller, more frequent meals.
    • Practice proper infection prevention: Because Upadacitinib lowers your body's ability to fight germs, wash your hands frequently with soap and water, and avoid close contact with people who are sick.

    Special Advise

    • Your doctor may advise certain blood tests, such as active or latent tuberculosis test, CBC (complete blood count), LFT (liver function test), and lipid profile tests, before starting the medicine.

    Patients Concern

    Disease/Condition Glossary

    Rheumatoid arthritis: It is an autoimmune disease (the body's immune system attacks its tissue) that leads to joint pain and damage. Symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis include pain, swelling, stiffness, deformities and loss of joint function.

    Psoriatic arthritis: It a type of inflammatory arthritis that occurs in patients with psoriasis. It can also occur in patients without psoriasis, particularly those with relatives who have psoriasis. It affects large joints in the lower extremities, distal joints of toes and fingers, back and the pelvis. Symptoms include joint inflammation, difficulty moving, swelling, patches of red, scaly skin, and pain.

    Ulcerative colitis: It is a type of chronic inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation of the lining of the large intestine (colon) and produces ulcers that may cause bleeding and the discharge of pus and mucus. Common symptoms include bloody stools, abdominal pain, rectal pain, diarrhoea, fever, and weight loss. Additionally, it may cause other problems such as joint pain or swelling, mouth sores, skin problems, decreased appetite or nausea. 

    Crohn's disease: Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder that affects the digestive tract. It is a kind of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The most common symptoms are diarrhoea, stomach aches and cramps, blood in your poo, exhaustion (fatigue), and weight loss.

    Eczema: Eczema is a condition in which patches of skin become inflamed, itchy, cracked, and rough. Symptoms include a rash on the arms and behind the knees. Eczema can be triggered by various factors like foods, drinks, skin products, soaps, chemicals, detergents, make-up products, chlorinated pools, and stress.

    FAQs

    Upadacitinib is used to treat ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, atopic dermatitis (eczema), and a few other inflammatory conditions.

    Upadacitinib contains Upadacitinib, which works by reducing overactive immune system activity in the body.

    Diarrhoea might be a side-effect of Upadacitinib. Eat non-spicy meals and drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration if you experience diarrhoea. If you find blood in stools (tarry stools) or if you experience severe diarrhoea, consult your doctor. Do not take anti-diarrheal medicine on your own.

    Upadacitinib is not recommended for patients with severe liver impairment. Dose adjustment may be needed in patients with mild to moderate liver impairment. Please consult the doctor if you have liver problems.

    Prior to starting treatment with Upadacitinib, your doctor may suggest a few blood tests, such as an active or latent tuberculosis test, CBC (complete blood count), LFT (liver function test), and lipid profile tests, should be done.

    Caution should be exercised if you have liver problems, tuberculosis, gastrointestinal perforations, vaccinations, cancer, or serious infections. Inform your physician of your medical history before starting treatment.

    Some people may begin to notice improvements in their symptoms, such as reduced joint pain or clearer skin, within a few weeks of starting treatment. However, it can take several months to experience the full benefits. Consult your doctor if you do not notice any changes.

    Because Upadacitinib can lower your body's ability to fight infections, you should contact your doctor right away if you experience any cold, flu, or infection symptoms. Your doctor may advise you to temporarily pause your treatment.

    Significant weight gain is not a common side effect of Upadacitinib. However, if you experience sudden weight gain, swelling in your hands or feet, or shortness of breath, this could point to other medical issues.

    No, you should not stop taking your medication even if you feel completely better. Stopping treatment suddenly can cause your symptoms or inflammation to return. Always consult your doctor before making any changes to your medication routine.

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