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compositionComposition:ABACAVIR-600MG+LAMIVUDINE-300MG
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Abalam Tablet is used to treat HIV infection. It contains Abacavir and Lamivudine which work by interfering with the working of certain enzymes necessary for virus reproduction. In some cases, this medicine may cause side effects such as headache, tiredness, dizziness, nausea, diarrhoea, rash, and fever. Before taking this medicine, inform the doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, taking any other medication, or have any pre-existing medical conditions.

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Written By Bayyarapu Mahesh Kumar , M Pharmacy
Reviewed By Dr Aneela Siddabathuni , MPharma., PhD
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More about the Product

Composition :

ABACAVIR-600MG+LAMIVUDINE-300MG

Manufacturer/Marketer :

Genix Pharma Hetero Drugs Ltd

Consume Type :

Oral

Expires on or after :

Jan-27

Return Policy :

Not Returnable

NPPA :

Regulated

About Abalam Tablet

Abalam Tablet is a medicine used with other antiretroviral medicines to treat human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. It contains abacavir and lamivudine, which help reduce the amount of HIV in the blood and support the immune system. Abalam Tablet helps control HIV but does not cure the infection or prevent HIV transmission on its own.

Abacavir and lamivudine work by blocking an enzyme that HIV needs to make new copies of itself. This helps lower the amount of virus in the blood, known as the viral load, and allows the immune system to function more effectively. Maintaining a low viral load helps reduce the risk of HIV-related illnesses and other complications.

Take Abalam Tablet exactly as prescribed by your doctor, preferably at the same time each day. It can generally be taken with or without food. Continue taking it regularly even if you feel well, as missing doses may reduce the effectiveness of treatment and increase the risk of HIV becoming resistant to the medicine. Do not stop taking Abalam Tablet or restart it after an interruption without consulting your doctor.

Common side effects may include nausea, headache, tiredness, diarrhoea, or difficulty sleeping. Abacavir can cause a serious and potentially life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction (a severe allergic reaction), particularly in people who carry the HLA-B5701 gene variation. Your doctor should arrange a blood test for HLA-B5701 before you start treatment. Seek immediate medical attention if you develop symptoms from two or more groups, such as fever; skin rash; nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, or stomach pain; severe tiredness or body aches; or shortness of breath, cough, or sore throat. If a hypersensitivity reaction is suspected, seek immediate medical attention and follow the instructions given by your doctor or emergency medical team. If your doctor confirms or suspects an abacavir hypersensitivity reaction, never restart Abalam Tablet or any other medicine containing abacavir, as a more severe and potentially fatal reaction may occur.

Before taking Abalam Tablet , tell your doctor if you have liver disease, including hepatitis B or C, kidney problems, heart disease, or risk factors for heart disease. Also tell your doctor about all medicines and supplements you take. If you have hepatitis B and stop taking lamivudine, your liver condition may worsen, so your doctor may monitor your liver function closely after treatment is stopped. If you are pregnant, planning a pregnancy, breastfeeding, an older adult, or considering this medicine for a child, consult your doctor before use.

Uses of Abalam Tablet

Abalam Tablet is used with other antiretroviral medicines as part of a complete treatment regimen for HIV-1 infection. Its main use includes:

  • HIV-1 infection: Abalam Tablet helps reduce the amount of HIV in the blood, known as the viral load. This allows the immune system to function more effectively and helps reduce the risk of HIV-related illnesses and opportunistic infections (infections that occur more often or become more severe when the immune system is weakened).
     

Key Benefits

Abalam Tablet helps control HIV-1 infection by reducing the amount of virus in the body. Its main benefits include:

  • Helps lower the viral load: Abacavir and lamivudine reduce the ability of HIV to make new copies of itself, helping lower the amount of virus in the blood.
  • Supports immune function: By controlling the virus, Abalam Tablet helps the immune system recover and function more effectively.
  • Reduces the risk of HIV-related illnesses: Taking Abalam Tablet regularly as part of a complete HIV treatment regimen helps reduce the risk of opportunistic infections (infections that occur more often or are more severe in people with weakened immune systems) and other HIV-related complications.
  • Supports long-term HIV management: Consistent treatment can help maintain viral suppression and support long-term health. Abalam Tablet controls HIV but does not cure the infection.
Side effects of Abalam Tablet
  • Stop the medication if a healthcare professional confirms or suspects an allergy.
  • If an allergy to the specific drug is confirmed, your doctor will usually suggest an alternative medication.
  • Your doctor might recommend antihistamine medications (such as diphenhydramine) to help block the chemicals in the body that cause allergic reactions and corticosteroids for more serious reactions.
  • In cases where the allergy is not certain, doctors might administer gradually increasing amounts of the suspected drug (graded challenges) or slowly increase the dose over time to help the person safely build tolerance (drug desensitization), all under careful medical supervision.
Overcome Medication-Induced Nausea: A 9-Step Plan
  • Inform your doctor about the nausea and discuss possible alternatives to the medication or adjustments to the dosage.
  • Divide your daily food intake into smaller, more frequent meals to reduce nausea.
  • Opt for bland, easily digestible foods like crackers, toast, plain rice, bananas, and applesauce.
  • Avoid certain foods that can trigger nausea, such as fatty, greasy, spicy, and smelly foods.
  • Drink plenty of fluids, such as water, clear broth, or electrolyte-rich beverages like coconut water or sports drinks.
  • Use ginger (tea, ale, or candies) to help relieve nausea.
  • Get adequate rest and also avoid strenuous activities that can worsen nausea.
  • Talk to your doctor about taking anti-nausea medication if your nausea is severe.
  • Record when your nausea occurs, what triggers it, and what provides relief to help you identify patterns and manage your symptoms more effectively.
To prevent, manage, and treat Constipation caused by medication usage, follow these steps:
  • Preventing Vomiting (Before it Happens)
  • Take medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor. This can help minimize side effects, including vomiting.
  • Having a small meal before taking your medication can help reduce nausea and vomiting.
  • Talk to your doctor about taking anti-nausea medication along with your prescribed medication.
  • Managing Vomiting (If it Happens)
  • Try taking ginger in the form of tea, ale, or candy to help alleviate nausea and vomiting.
  • What to Do if Vomiting Persists
  • Consult your doctor if vomiting continues or worsens, consult the doctor for guidance on adjusting your medication or additional treatment.
Here are the precise steps to cope with diarrhoea caused by medication usage:
  • Inform Your Doctor: Notify your doctor immediately about your diarrhoea symptoms. This allows them to adjust your medication or provide guidance on managing side effects.
  • Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of fluids to replace lost water and electrolytes. Choose water, clear broth, and electrolyte-rich drinks. Avoid carbonated or caffeinated beverages to effectively rehydrate your body.
  • Follow a Bland Diet: Eat easy-to-digest foods to help firm up your stool and settle your stomach. Try incorporating bananas, rice, applesauce, toast, plain crackers, and boiled vegetables into your diet.
  • Avoid Trigger Foods: Steer clear of foods that can worsen diarrhoea, such as spicy, fatty, or greasy foods, high-fibre foods, and dairy products (especially if you're lactose intolerant).
  • Practice Good Hygiene: Maintain good hygiene to prevent the spread of infection. To stay healthy, wash your hands frequently, clean and disinfect surfaces regularly, and avoid exchanging personal belongings with others.
  • Take Anti-Diarrheal Medications: If your doctor advises, anti-diarrheal medications such as loperamide might help manage diarrhoea symptoms. Always follow your doctor's directions.
  • Keep track of your diarrhoea symptoms. If they don't get better or worse or are accompanied by severe stomach pain, blood, or dehydration signs (like extreme thirst or dark urine), seek medical help.
  • Drink water or other clear fluids.
  • To prevent worsening of pain, limit intake of tea, coffee, or alcohol.
  • Include bland foods like rice, toast, crackers, and rice in your diet.
  • Avoid lying down immediately after eating as it may cause indigestion or heartburn.
  • Avoid acidic and spicy food as it may cause indigestion.
  • Drink warm fluids such as warm water with honey, broth, soup or herbal tea to soothe sore throat.
  • Gargle with warm salt water.
  • Suck on lozenges to increase the production of saliva and soothe your throat.
  • Use a humidifier to soothe sore throat as it adds moisture to the air and makes breathing easier.
Managing Medication-Triggered malaise (Feeling Unwell): A Step-by-Step Guide:
  • If you experience persistent or severe malaise (a general feeling of discomfort, illness, or unease) after taking medication, seek medical attention immediately.
  • Inform your doctor about the medication you're taking and the symptoms you're experiencing.
  • Your treatment plan may be modified, which may include adjusting the dosage, substituting with an alternative medication, or discontinuing the medication. Additionally, certain lifestyle changes may be recommended to help manage symptoms.
  • To manage malaise symptoms, follow your doctor's advice, such as getting plenty of rest, staying hydrated, and practicing stress-reducing techniques.
  • Track your symptoms regularly and report any changes or concerns to your healthcare provider to ensure the malaise is managed effectively.

Directions for Use

  • Abalam Tablet can be taken with or without food as prescribed by your doctor.
  • Follow your doctor's instructions on the dosage and timing of this medication to ensure safety.
  • Swallow Abalam Tablet as a whole with a glass of water.
  • Do not chew, crush, or break it.

How Abalam Tablet Works

Abalam Tablet contains abacavir and lamivudine, which belong to a group of antiretroviral medicines called nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). These medicines help prevent HIV from making new copies of itself. HIV uses an enzyme called reverse transcriptase to make new copies of itself. Abacavir and lamivudine block the action of this enzyme, interfering with the process the virus uses to reproduce. By reducing the ability of HIV to multiply, Abalam Tablet helps lower the amount of virus in the blood, known as the viral load. This allows the immune system to function more effectively and helps reduce the risk of HIV-related illnesses. Abalam Tablet does not cure HIV infection. It must be taken as part of a complete HIV treatment regimen prescribed by your doctor.
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Alcohol

Unsafe

Avoid alcohol consumption with Abalam Tablet as it may increase the risk of liver damage.

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Pregnancy

Caution

Abalam Tablet is given to pregnant women if the doctor thinks benefits outweigh risks. Please consult a doctor if you are pregnant.

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Breast Feeding

Unsafe

Avoid breastfeeding while taking Abalam Tablet as it may pass into breast milk. Therefore, please consult a doctor if you are breastfeeding.

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Driving

Caution

Abalam Tablet may cause dizziness in some people. Therefore, avoid driving or operating heavy machinery if you feel dizzy after taking Abalam Tablet .

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Liver

Caution

Take Abalam Tablet with caution, especially if you have a history of Liver diseases/conditions. The dose may be adjusted by your doctor as required.

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Kidney

Caution

Take Abalam Tablet with caution, especially if you have a history of Kidney diseases/conditions. The dose may be adjusted by your doctor as required.

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Children

Unsafe

Abalam Tablet is not recommended for children below 18 years of age.

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Heart

Caution

Abalam Tablet should be taken with caution in patients with heart problems. Therefore, please inform your doctor before using Abalam Tablet .

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Geriatrics

Caution

Abalam Tablet should be given with caution in elderly patients due to an increased risk of side effects. If you have any concerns about the usage of Abalam Tablet in geriatrics, please consult your doctor.

What if I have taken an overdose of Abalam Tablet

In case of an accidental overdose, seek immediate emergency medical attention. Do not wait for symptoms of discomfort or toxicity to develop before taking action.

Diet & Lifestyle Advise

  • Practice strict food safety: Because your immune system is compromised, you are more vulnerable to foodborne illnesses. Wash all fresh produce thoroughly, cook meats to safe internal temperatures, and avoid unpasteurised dairy products.
  • Support your bone and muscle health: Long-term HIV treatments can sometimes affect bone density. Incorporate weight-bearing exercises like walking or light resistance training, and ensure you are getting adequate calcium and vitamin D through your diet.
  • Stay adequately hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day to help your kidneys process and eliminate the medication efficiently, reducing the risk of strain on your excretory system.
  • Limit or avoid alcohol consumption: Alcohol can increase the metabolic load on your liver, which is already working to process Abalam Tablet . Reducing alcohol intake helps minimise the risk of drug-induced liver damage.
  • Avoid raw or undercooked seafood: Refrain from eating raw fish, oysters, or sushi, as these can carry specific pathogens that pose severe health risks to individuals managing HIV.
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How Soon It Starts Working

The time required for Abalam Tablet to start to work: Abalam Tablet ideally shows its action within 20 minutes to 1 hour after administration. The time for which the effects of Abalam Tablet last: The duration of action for Abalam Tablet is clinically unknown.

What if you forget to take Abalam Tablet

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if your next scheduled dose is only a few hours away, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at your usual scheduled time. Do not take two doses at the same time to make up for a missed dose. If you frequently miss doses, speak to your doctor or pharmacist for strategies to help you stay on track.

Storage

• Store the tablets at room temperature, between 20°C and 25°C (68°F to 77°F).• Keep all medicines safely stored out of the sight and reach of children and pets.

Drug Warnings

  • Carry your Warning Card: Always carry the hypersensitivity Warning Card provided with Abalam Tablet . It lists key symptoms of the severe allergic reaction that requires immediate emergency care.
  • Complete your genetic testing: Do not take this medicine until your doctor has confirmed you have tested negative for the HLA-B5701 gene marker.
  • Inspect your tablets: Before taking your dose, inspect the tablet. Do not take it if the coating is severely cracked, crumbling, or if the packaging has been damaged or tampered with.
  • Do not share your medicine: This prescription is highly specific to your health status. Never share your tablets with anyone else, even if they have the same condition.
  • Test for Hepatitis B: Ensure your doctor has tested you for chronic Hepatitis B before you begin taking Abalam Tablet , as special precautions are required if you need to discontinue the drug.
  • Maintain an uninterrupted supply: Always refill your prescription several days before you run out to ensure you do not miss a single dose, which could lead to drug resistance.

Drug-Drug Interactions

verifiedApollotooltip

The following medicines may interact with Abalam Tablet and require closer monitoring or changes to treatment:

  • Methadone: Abacavir may increase the removal of methadone from the body in some people, which may reduce its effect. Your doctor will monitor your response and adjust the methadone dose if necessary.
  • Sorbitol-containing medicines: Regular use of medicines containing sorbitol may reduce the amount of lamivudine in the body and potentially make it less effective. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you use any liquid medicines or other products containing sorbitol.
  • Ribavirin: Taking ribavirin with abacavir may increase the risk of treatment-related side effects and may affect the response to treatment. Your doctor will determine whether these medicines are suitable for use together and monitor you as needed.
Abacavir + LamivudineEmtricitabine
Critical
Abacavir + LamivudineLomitapide
Severe

Drug-Drug Interactions

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Abacavir + LamivudineEmtricitabine
Critical
How does the drug interact with Abalam Tablet:
Co-administration of Abalam Tablet with Emtricitabine can reduce it's effectiveness in treating HIV.

How to manage the interaction:
Taking Emtricitabine with Abalam Tablet is not recommended, but it can be taken if your doctor prescribes it. Contact your doctor if your symptoms do not improve. Do not stop taking any medication without consulting a doctor.
Abacavir + LamivudineLomitapide
Severe
How does the drug interact with Abalam Tablet:
Taking Abalam Tablet and lomitapide together can increase the risk of liver damage

How to manage the interaction:
There may be a possibility of interaction between Abalam Tablet and Lomitapide, but it can be taken if prescribed by a doctor. However, if you experience symptoms such as fever, chills, swollen or painful joints, unexpected bleeding or bruises, skin rash, itching, vomiting, abdominal pain, light-colored stool, dark-colored urine, yellowing of the skin or eyes, decreased hunger, consult the doctor. Do not stop using any medications without talking to the doctor.
Abacavir + LamivudineTeriflunomide
Severe
How does the drug interact with Abalam Tablet:
Co-administration of Abalam Tablet with Teriflunomide can increase the risk of liver damage.

How to manage the interaction:
Although there is a possible interaction between Abalam Tablet and Teriflunomide, you can take these medicines together if prescribed by your doctor. However, if you experience symptoms such as fever, chills, swollen or painful joints, unexpected bleeding or bruises, skin rash, itching, vomiting, abdominal pain, light-colored stool, dark-colored urine, yellowing of the skin or eyes, decreased hunger, consult the doctor. Do not stop using any medications without talking to the doctor.
Abacavir + LamivudineZalcitabine
Severe
How does the drug interact with Abalam Tablet:
Taking Abalam Tablet with Zalcitabine may reduce overall effectiveness of these medications in treating HIV.

How to manage the interaction:
Although there is a possible interaction between Abalam Tablet and Zalcitabine, you can take these medicines together if prescribed by your doctor. Contact a doctor if your symptoms do not improve. Do not discontinue any medications without consulting a doctor.
Abacavir + LamivudineMipomersen
Severe
How does the drug interact with Abalam Tablet:
Taking Abalam Tablet and mipomersen together can increase the risk of liver damage.

How to manage the interaction:
Although taking Abalam Tablet and Mipomersen together can cause an interaction, it can be taken if your doctor has suggested it. However, if you experience symptoms such as fever, chills, swollen or painful joints, unexpected bleeding or bruises, skin rash, itching, vomiting, abdominal pain, light-colored stool, dark-colored urine, yellowing of the skin or eyes, decreased hunger, consult the doctor. Do not stop using any medications without talking to the doctor.
Abacavir + LamivudineBexarotene
Severe
How does the drug interact with Abalam Tablet:
Taking bexarotene together with Abalam Tablet may increase the risk of pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas).

How to manage the interaction:
There may be a possibility of interaction between Abalam Tablet and Bexarotene, but it can be taken if prescribed by a doctor. If you're having symptoms like nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain, contact a doctor right away. Do not discontinue any medications without consulting your doctor.
Abacavir + LamivudineLeflunomide
Severe
How does the drug interact with Abalam Tablet:
Leflunomide can cause liver problems, and combining it with Abalam Tablet, may increase the risk.

How to manage the interaction:
Although there is a possible interaction between Abalam Tablet and Leflunomide, you can take these medicines together if prescribed by your doctor. However, if you experience symptoms such as fever, chills, swollen or painful joints, unexpected bleeding or bruises, skin rash, itching, vomiting, abdominal pain, light-colored stool, dark-colored urine, yellowing of the skin or eyes, decreased hunger, consult the doctor. Do not stop using any medications without talking to the doctor.

Drug-Food Interactions

verifiedApollotooltip

Certain drinks may affect the amount of abacavir in the body or increase the risk of side effects:

  • Alcohol: Alcohol may increase the amount of abacavir in the bloodstream because the body processes alcohol and abacavir through a shared metabolic pathway. This may increase the risk of abacavir-related side effects. Ask your doctor whether it is safe for you to drink alcohol while taking Abalam Tablet , particularly if you have liver problems.
     
No Drug - Food interactions found in our database. Some may be unknown. Consult your doctor for what to avoid during medication.

Drug-Food Interactions

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Habit Forming

No

Therapeutic Class

[ANTIRETROVIRAL AGENTS]

FAQs

Abalam Tablet contains Abacavir and Lamivudine. Abalam Tablet works by interfering with the functioning of nucleotide and nucleoside reverse transcriptase enzymes which are necessary for the reproduction of the virus. Together, Abalam Tablet helps in treating HIV infection.
HIV infection may still be transmitted to other persons while using Abalam Tablet . Abalam Tablet reduces the risk of transmission, but still, HIV infection is contagious. Therefore, discuss with a doctor regarding precautions to avoid transmission of HIV while taking Abalam Tablet .
Abalam Tablet does not cure HIV infection. Abalam Tablet reduces the amount of HIV in the body and improves the immune system's functioning.
Do not stop taking Abalam Tablet without consulting your doctor. Stopping Abalam Tablet before treatment may worsen your hepatitis. This can occur during the first few months after you stop taking Abalam Tablet . Take the Abalam Tablet strictly as instructed, and do not miss any dose.
You need a genetic blood test to check for a gene variation called HLA-B5701. If you have this gene, you are at a very high risk of developing a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction to one of the ingredients in this medicine. If the test is positive, your doctor will prescribe a different medication. Talk to your doctor to learn more about this test.
Yes, you can take Abalam Tablet with or without food. It does not affect how the medicine is absorbed by your body. However, taking it with a small meal can help if you experience mild nausea when starting the medication. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you struggle with stomach upset.
Stopping this medicine suddenly can cause the HIV virus to multiply quickly, which can make the virus resistant to this and other medications. Additionally, if you have chronic Hepatitis B, stopping this medicine can cause a severe, life-threatening flare-up of your liver disease. Talk to your doctor before making any changes to your medication schedule.
Fever or skin rash may be a sign of an abacavir hypersensitivity reaction (a severe allergic reaction), especially if you also have nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, stomach pain, severe tiredness, body aches, breathing difficulties, cough, or sore throat. Seek immediate medical attention and follow the instructions given by your doctor or emergency medical team. If an abacavir hypersensitivity reaction is suspected, never restart Abalam Tablet or any other medicine containing abacavir.
When taken consistently as part of a complete HIV treatment regimen, Abalam Tablet may help reduce the viral load to undetectable levels. People who achieve and maintain an undetectable viral load do not transmit HIV through sex. Regular blood tests are needed to confirm that your viral load remains undetectable. Ask your doctor about preventing HIV transmission in other situations.
Alcohol may increase the amount of abacavir in your bloodstream and raise the risk of side effects. It may also be unsuitable if you have liver problems. Ask your doctor whether it is safe for you to drink alcohol while taking Abalam Tablet .
If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, you must consult your healthcare provider before taking Abalam Tablet . Your doctor will weigh the benefits of controlling your HIV against any potential risks to your baby to determine the safest treatment plan. Talk to your doctor about your options.

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Country of origin

INDIA

Manufacturer/Marketer address

7-2-A2, Hetero Corporate, Industrial Estates, Sanath Nagar, Hyderabad – 500 018. Telangana, INDIA
Other Info - ABA0017
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