Dandruff is a very common scalp condition that causes white flakes, itching, and scalp irritation. Although there may not always be a permanent cure, dandruff can usually be controlled very well with regular scalp care and proper treatment. The most effective treatment often includes medicated anti-dandruff shampoos containing ketoconazole, zinc pyrithione, selenium sulfide, salicylic acid, or coal tar, which help reduce fungal growth, oiliness, and scalp scaling. These shampoos are usually used 2-3 times a week and should be left on the scalp for a few minutes before rinsing. Keeping the scalp clean, washing hair regularly, and avoiding excessive oil application can also help reduce dandruff. Some simple home care measures, such as using mild coconut oil in moderation, maintaining good scalp hygiene, reducing stress, sleeping well, and eating a balanced diet rich in protein, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and enough water, may support scalp health. Avoid scratching the scalp, using very harsh hair products, or sharing combs and towels. Dandruff may return if treatment is stopped completely, especially in people with oily scalp, stress, or skin sensitivity, so maintenance care is often needed. If dandruff is severe, associated with redness, thick scaling, pus, hair fall, or does not improve with regular shampoos, consult a dermatologist because conditions like fungal infection, psoriasis, or seborrheic dermatitis may need specific treatment.